Britain, China, National Security, Technology, United States

Is China spying on you through your broadband?

Members of Parliament on the Intelligence and Security Committee (ISC), Parliament’s intelligence watchdog, have said that China could be spying on British citizens and firms through its supply of broadband equipment to UK telecoms companies. MPs say they have serious concerns about the internet deals signed by BT and O2 with the Chinese telecoms firm Huawei.

A report delivered by the committee says that China could ‘intercept covertly or disrupt traffic passing through Huawei-supplied networks’ and adds that oversight of the firm in the UK is ‘feeble’ and suffers from the ‘absence of any strategy’.

Huawei is known to supply mobile handsets, routers and equipment in telephone exchanges and street cabinets to a string of British telecoms companies.

The scathing nature of the report led the Chancellor, George Osborne, to take the unusual step of issuing a statement in response to the ISCs findings, and has stressed the importance of Chinese investment in Britain.

Mr Osborne, clearly anticipating a diplomatic row, said:

… Inward investment is critical to generating UK jobs and growth. It is a personal priority of mine to increase trade links between the UK and China and I cannot emphasise enough that the UK is open to Chinese investment.

The MPs report even called for staff from the GCHQ listening agency to take over the running of Huawei’s cyber security evaluation centre which it built in Banbury, Oxfordshire.

Eight years ago, Huawei secured a contract with BT as part of the £2.5 billion super-fast broadband deal to supply two-thirds of British homes and companies by 2015. The Chinese firm has also signed deals with O2, TalkTalk and EverythingEverywhere.

National security concerns were sidelined in favour of money as the Chinese had managed to undercut local firms for the contracts.

Members of the ISC were ‘shocked’ that ministers were not even informed about the BT deal until a year after it was signed. Chairman of the committee, Sir Malcolm Rifkind, said:

… Such a sensitive decision with potentially damaging implications should have been handed to ministers. A lack of clarity around procedures, responsibility and power means that national security issues have risked, and continue to risk, being overlooked.

Ahead of the report’s publication, members of the committee had warned that it would be heavily censored because of the Treasury and Number 10’s fears of scaring away Chinese investors – claims which have been denied by Downing Street.

Relations with China have been strained since the Prime Minister, David Cameron, agreed to meet the Dalai Lama, Tibet’s spiritual leader, last year. Granting him an audience was seen by Beijing as a snub to China’s sovereignty over Tibet.

In its last annual report, the ISC said that a fifth of detected cyber-attacks against the UK were so sophisticated that they had to be state sponsored or part of an organised crime ring. China is often cited as one of the main perpetrators of state-sponsored cyber-attacks.

Huawei says it is ‘willing to work with all governments in a completely open and transparent manner to jointly reduce the risk of cyber security’.

In a statement issued by BT, the company says that security is at the heart of what it does and will continue to be so in the future. BT says that its testing regime enables the company to enjoy constructive relationships with many of its suppliers across the globe. BT has had dealings with Huawei since 2005.

WELCOMED BY BRITAIN, DAMNED BY U.S.

The mysterious Huawei company has repeatedly insisted that it has no connection to the Chinese state.

But claims persist that it has close links with the military and government, and could be helping to glean and gain information on foreign states and companies – accusations the firm strongly denies.

Despite security fears, the firm’s operations have largely been welcomed by the UK government.

It has had UK headquarters since 2001, and Huawei UK Enterprise Solutions – which currently has 650 employees in Britain – plans to double its workforce in the next few years. Last year, David Cameron welcomed its founder, Ren Zhengfei, a former officer of the People’s Liberation Army, to Downing Street.

At the time, the firm announced it planned to invest £1.3 billion in Britain, although it did not spell out any details.

While it has been welcomed in the UK, Huawei has had a frostier reception in America and Australia.

The Australian government prevented it from working on the country’s broadband network.

And a United States congressional intelligence committee report concluded that it posed a national security threat.

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Arts, Drama

Lateral Thinking Drama: ‘Shipwrecked’

THE PLIGHT OF HENRY JOHNSON

THE FIRST THING Henry Johnson became aware of as he awoke was the warmth of the morning sun. The second was the not-so-distant lap of waves on the shore. And the third was a headache which felt as though someone was gouging out the inside of his skull with a chisel.

Blearily, Henry opened his eyes. He was lying on a sandy beach, about ten metres from the water’s edge. He groaned as memory returned. Yesterday he had been sailing across the southern Pacific, blissfully alone. Then a dark cloud had appeared on the horizon. Quickly it had filled the sky and, as night fell, a tropical storm had broken around him. He had battled for hours to save his boat. He might have succeeded too, if it hadn’t suddenly bucked on a huge wave, causing him to fall back and strike his head against the boom. Dazed, he lost his footing entirely, and slipped from the deck into the sea.

The storm had abated, but his boat was nowhere to be seen. Henry was cast adrift. His life-jacket kept him afloat, but the cold began to seep into his bones. His teeth chattered and he shivered uncontrollably. Eventually, though, the chill seemed to lessen. Lulled by the waves, he felt himself drifting into sleep – a sleep from which (a small part of him was anxiously aware) he would probably never awaken.

Then he was jerked back to full consciousness by his knee scraping against a rock. He realised that the sea here was shallow, and when he looked up he could see a strip of white sand. On the horizon three tall palm trees were silhouetted against the moon. With the last vestiges of strength left in his limbs, Henry began to swim…

…AND NOW IT WAS MORNING. Henry groaned again and sat up. Of his boat, ‘The Happy Wanderer’, there was no sign. The beach was deserted, and he realised the same was probably true of the whole island. There were no cigarette butts in the sand, no discarded cans, no mini-mopeds buzzing in the distance. It appeared that the tour operators had so far overlooked this particular jewel in the South Pacific.

The Sun was getting hotter. Henry realised that, if he was to survive here, his first priority must be finding fresh water. He looked around. The palm trees he had seen last night were a little way inland; other than that, the island seemed to be mainly scrub. Rain was evidently a rare commodity here. Just my luck to be caught in their annual storm, he thought bitterly.

Henry rose unsteadily to his feet. He stripped off the heavy life jacket, so that he was just wearing cut-off jeans and a T-shirt, and headed towards the trees. His survival knowledge was limited, but he had an idea that their presence indicated fresh water nearby. He stumbled over the fine sand. Between the three palms, as he had hoped, there was a small pool. Henry cupped his hands and drank deeply. At least he would not die of thirst…not yet, anyway.

Henry’s head was throbbing, and he realised he had to find some shade. He guessed the temperature to be into the nineties by now, although the sun was still nowhere near its zenith. He looked around. The island appeared flat and offered few possibilities, but further down the beach he could see a few pieces of driftwood. Perhaps they might form the basis of a shelter?

As Henry walked closer, he realised that they were parts of his boat. He even found a bit of the bow with the name ‘The Happy Wanderer’ on it, and some scraps of paper from his charts. His heart sank. Now he knew for sure that there would be no quick return to civilisation. He would have to wait to be rescued: possibly days, possibly weeks, possibly much longer.

Perspiring heavily, Henry gathered all the flotsam that he could find. As well as the wood and scraps of paper, he found a metal drinking mug, a tiny candle and a box of matches. The good news was that the latter had been wrapped in a plastic bag to keep out the damp; the bad news was that inside was only a single match. His most useful find, as far as shelter was concerned, was an oily tarpaulin. Returning to the palms, he built a sort of dug-out in the sand, which he covered with the tarpaulin. Luxury villa it wasn’t, but at least it would give him some protection. He pulled himself inside and, exhausted, fell into a deep, dreamless sleep.

…HE WAS WOKEN by a chill wind. The tarpaulin had blown off, revealing a clear, starry night, and had become caught on one of the palm trees, where it flapped loudly in the wind. Henry wrestled it back from the trunk. In that wind there was no chance of rebuilding his dug-out, so he wrapped the tarpaulin around himself to try to keep out the numbing cold.

Through the rest of the night, Henry slept little. His whole body ached; his head throbbed mercilessly; and his stomach growled, reminding him that he had not eaten for two whole days. He realised that he must have burned up a lot of energy fighting the storm and, later, in the sea. Unless he ate soon, he would become too weak to fend for himself.

The next day, fighting a growing lethargy, he managed to assemble what might be the makings of a meal. There wasn’t much: just a few roots, some insect grubs, a yellow worm, and a small scorpion he had seen almost too late. But if he could start a fire, he might be able to make some kind of stew in the mug. Hands shaking, he collected together all the items he’d gathered from the wreck of his boat.

Henry paused, confused. His stomach was shrieking out for food, but his brain no longer seemed to be functioning correctly. He looked at the little collection in front of him – the scraps of wood he’d dried, the tiny candle and the scraps of paper from his charts – but he couldn’t for the life of him figure out which to light first.

– In order to light a fire, to cook the desperately needed meal, which of the items salvaged from the wreck of ‘The Happy Wanderer’ should Harry light first?

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